Function reference
All functions available in expressions, grouped by purpose. Your project may add custom functions on top; check the expression editor's help panel for the live list.
Emptiness & text
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
isEmpty(value) | true if empty (null, "", []) | isEmpty({companyCode}) |
notEmpty(value) | true if not empty | notEmpty({email}) |
len(value) | length of text or array | len({items}) >= 3 |
startsWithAny(text, prefix) | true if text starts with prefix | startsWithAny({iban}, "LT") |
endsWithAny(text, suffix) | true if text ends with suffix | endsWithAny({code}, "99") |
substring(text, start, end?) | part of the text from start up to, but not including, end (counting from 0) | substring({personCode}, 0, 1) |
Leave end out and substring returns everything from start to the end of the text. A number is treated as text, so substring({personCode}, 1, 7) works on a Number field too. An empty field gives an empty text.
Collections
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
contains(collection, value) | true if array/text contains value | contains({roles}, "admin") |
includesAny(collection, value) | alias of contains | includesAny({tags}, "vip") |
containsAny(collection, values) | true if any of the values present | containsAny({roles}, ["admin","editor"]) |
containsAll(collection, values) | true if all values present | containsAll({perms}, ["read","write"]) |
inArray(value, collection) | true if value is in collection | inArray({el2}, {el1}) |
Numbers
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
toNumber(value) | value as number (invalid → 0) | toNumber({codeFromApi}) > 10 |
inRange(value, min, max) | true if min ≤ value ≤ max | inRange({age}, 18, 65) |
roundNumber(value, digits?) | the number rounded to digits decimals, 0 when left out | roundNumber({price} * 1.21, 2) |
min(a, b, ...) | the smallest of the numbers given | min({requested}, {limit}, 5000) |
max(a, b, ...) | the largest of the numbers given | max({deposit}, 0) |
sum(a, b, ...) | the numbers added up | sum({grant}, {loan}, {ownFunds}) |
min, max and sum take as many values as you like. Empty fields are skipped, so sum of three fields where one is still empty adds up the other two, and a form that is only half filled does not break the total. When every value is empty, sum gives 0 and min and max give nothing. An array passed in is opened up, so max({scores}) works on a multi-select or a list of numbers. To total a column of a dynamic panel, use sumArray below, which knows how to pick the field out of each entry.
roundNumber also gives nothing for an empty field, instead of a misleading 0.
When toNumber is actually needed
A Number field already stores a number, so {price} * {quantity} is correct as written and wrapping both sides adds nothing. Use toNumber when the value really arrives as text: a Text field, a value from a data source, a select whose options carry string values, or a Number field switched to Store value as: string.
It has a second, deliberate use. toNumber turns anything invalid into 0, so an empty field becomes zero instead of leaving the whole calculation empty. If that is the behaviour you want, keep it, and know that you kept it for the default and not for the conversion.
Array aggregation
For dynamic panel / dynamic table values (arrays of objects). selector is the field name inside each entry.
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
sumInArray(source, selector) | sum | sumInArray({orderLines}, "amount") |
avgInArray(source, selector) | average | avgInArray({grades}, "score") |
minInArray(source, selector) | minimum | minInArray({offers}, "price") |
maxInArray(source, selector) | maximum | maxInArray({offers}, "price") |
countInArray(source, selector) | count | countInArray({employees}, "id") |
firstInArray(source, selector) | first value | firstInArray({history}, "status") |
lastInArray(source, selector) | last value | lastInArray({history}, "status") |
joinInArray(source, selector, separator) | joined text | joinInArray({tags}, "name", ", ") |
collectValuesFrom(source, selector, unique) | array of values | collectValuesFrom({orders}, "id", true) |
Searching and filtering arrays
The functions above work on a field name. These ones take a condition instead, written the same way you write any other expression, and evaluate it once per entry.
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
filterArray(source, condition) | the matching entries | filterArray({users}, role == "ADMIN") |
findInArray(source, condition) | the first matching entry, or nothing | findInArray({products}, id == {selectedId}) |
existsInArray(source, condition) | true if at least one entry matches | existsInArray({items}, status == "ACTIVE") |
countInArray(source, condition) | how many entries match | countInArray({tasks}, status == "OPEN") |
getFirst(source, condition?) | first entry, optionally the first match | getFirst({tasks}, status == "OPEN") |
getLast(source, condition?) | last entry, optionally the last match | getLast({history}) |
sumArray(source, selector) | sum of a field | sumArray({orderItems}, price) |
avgArray(source, selector) | average of a field | avgArray({grades}, score) |
minArray(source, selector?) | smallest number over the entries | minArray({orderItems}, price) |
maxArray(source, selector?) | largest number over the entries | maxArray({orderItems}, price) |
countArray(source, condition?) | how many entries match, or the length without a condition | countArray({tasks}, status == "OPEN") |
joinArray(source, selector?, separator?) | the projected values as text | joinArray({users}, name, ", ") |
mapArray(source, selector) | one value per entry | mapArray({users}, name) |
Inside a condition you write the entry's own field names directly, with no braces. Everything else in the view stays visible, so you can compare against another element or a variable:
countInArray({tasks}, status == {statusFilter})
filterArray({orders}, status == {el5} && total > {minTotal})
filterArray({users}, role == {__variables.requiredRole})Calls nest, which is how you go from a filtered set to a single text:
joinInArray(mapArray(filterArray({tasks}, status == "OPEN"), title), "", ", ")countInArray also still accepts a plain field name, so older views keep working. Anything containing a comparison is treated as a condition.
Dates
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
today() | today, YYYY-MM-DD | Default value: =today() |
now() | current date-time (ISO) | timestamp fields |
date(value, mode) | normalised date (iso, datetime, timestamp) | date({created}, "iso") |
day(value) / month(value) / year(value) | date parts | year({birthDate}) < 2000 |
weekDay(value, locale, style) | weekday name | weekDay({date}, "en", "long") |
weekDayIndex(value) | Monday=1 … Sunday=7 | weekDayIndex({date}) <= 5 |
isWeekend(value) | true on Sat/Sun | visibleIf: isWeekend({deliveryDate}) |
addDays(value, days) | date + n days | addDays(today(), 14) |
dateDiffDays(from, to) | day difference | dateDiffDays({start}, {end}) >= 1 |
startOfWeek(value) / endOfWeek(value) | week boundaries | report period defaults |
age(birthDate) | full years from that date until today | age({birthDate}) >= 18 |
age counts a year only once the birthday has passed, so someone born on 30 June 2008 is still 17 on 29 June 2026. It gives nothing while the date is empty, which keeps a condition like age({birthDate}) >= 18 false until the date is filled in.
Data & element control
Advanced. These reach outside the current field:
| Function | Does | Example |
|---|---|---|
getVal(path) | reads any value by data path | getVal("addresses[0].city") |
setElementProperty(name, key, value) | sets another element's property | setElementProperty("step2", "disabled", true) |
getElementProperty(name, key) | reads another element's property | getElementProperty("sel1", "label") |
getProp(name, key) | alias of getElementProperty | getProp({sel1}, "placeholder") |
setProp(name, key, value) | alias of setElementProperty | setProp({el1}, "label", "New label") |
runDataSource(name) | reloads a data source, returns its result | runDataSource("loadUsers") |
reloadDataSource(name) | alias of runDataSource | |
dataSourceValue(name, contextElement?) | the payload a data source loaded last, without waiting for a request | len(dataSourceValue("loadUsers")) > 0 |
getVal also answers for a field the user has not touched yet, reading the value straight off the element, so {price} * 2 no longer collapses the moment one side is still empty.
getElementProperty reaches any configured property, not just the value, and nested keys work:
getProp("sel1", "placeholder")
getProp("sel1", "options[0].label")
getProp("orders", "dataSource.name")Writing values back
Everything above reads. These write, so a total or a collected list can be parked in a variable or in another field without leaving the expression language:
| Function | Does | Example |
|---|---|---|
setValue(target, value) | writes the value and returns it | setValue({variable1}, sumArray({el1}, el5[].column3)) |
setVar(name, value) | same, target always read as a variable name | setVar({variable1}, {el2} + {el3}) |
sumValue(target, value) | adds a number to what is already there, returns the new total | sumValue({variable1}, {row.column3}) |
sumVar(name, value) | same, for variables | sumVar({variable1}, {row.column3} + 40) |
addValue(target, value) | alias of sumValue | addValue({total}, {row.column3}) |
pushValue(target, value) | appends to the target's array, returns it | pushValue({variable1}, {row}) |
pushVar(name, value) | same, for variables | pushVar({selected}, {el2}) |
flattenArray(source) | flattens nested arrays into one level | flattenArray(collectValuesFrom({el1}, el5[])) |
The target names a variable or an element, it is not replaced by its current value. If the name matches a declared variable the value goes to the variable, otherwise to that element's data path.
sumValue and pushValue change the result every time they run, so use them from an action, not from a condition that recalculates on its own. setValue is safe anywhere: writing the value that is already there does nothing, which is what keeps an expression from looping on the change it caused itself.
An array argument is summed before it is added, so a whole column lands in one call:
sumValue({variable1}, collectValuesFrom({el1}, el5[].column3))Assignment shorthand
The same two writers have a shorter form. Put the target on the left:
{variable1} = {row.column3} + 40
{variable1} = ({variable1} + ({row.column3} + 40))
{variable1} += {row.column3}= becomes setValue, += becomes sumValue. Only the leftmost token is the target; on the right side {variable1} reads normally, which is how the second line adds to itself. Comparisons are untouched, {el2} == 5 stays a condition.
Totals across a dynamic panel
A table inside a dynamic panel exists once per panel entry, so its rows sit deeper in the data. The [] selector walks through every level:
{variable1} = sumArray({el1}, el5[].column3)
{variable1} = flattenArray(collectValuesFrom({el1}, el5[]))The first sums one column across all panels, the second gathers every row of every table into one list.
Labels of choice elements
A Select, Radio, or Checkbox group stores a code and shows a label. Only the element knows the pairing, so these two functions ask it directly:
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
getValue(element) | the stored value | getValue({status}) gives OPEN |
getLabel(element, value?) | the displayed label | getLabel({status}) gives Open issue |
Name the element either way you prefer, getLabel({status}) or getLabel("status"). The token is treated as the element's name here, not as its value. Pass a second argument to translate some other value through the same option list: getLabel("status", "CLOSED"). For a multi select you get one label per selected value.
Translating dynamic values
Values coming from an API never pass through the Translations tab, because that tab only knows the texts written into the view. translate() opens the same per-language dictionary to any key:
| Function | Returns | Example |
|---|---|---|
translate(value, fallback?) | the translated text | translate({row.status}) |
t(value, fallback?) | alias of translate | t({row.status}, "Unknown") |
currentLanguage() | active language code | currentLanguage() == "en" |
See Translations for where the keys live.
Debugging
| Function | Does | Example |
|---|---|---|
dbg(value, label?) | logs to console, returns the value | dbg({el2.selectedStep}, "step") |
clog(value, label?) | alias of dbg | clog({price}, "price") |